Adult arachnids all have four pairs of legs. Arachnids also have a small set of leglike structures, called pedipalps, attached to either side of the mouth in some arachnids these are used to cut and crush food, and, in others, they serve as antennae. The mouthparts are sometimes used as fangs to inject venom, or poison, and digestive chemicals into the wounds of their prey. They are used to capture and chew prey, or food animals. In ticks, mites, and most spiders the abdomen is usually smooth, without any segments, but in all other arachnids the abdomen is plainly divided into segments.Īrachnids have mouthparts that look like small pinchers. The front region of arachnids is covered by a carapace (KARE-a-pays), a smooth, shieldlike plate, which in some arachnids, such as harvestmen and sun spiders, is divided into three parts. In some arachnids, such as mites and harvestmen, the two body parts are closely joined together to form a single region the two parts cannot easily be seen as different from each other. While arachnids all have these two body parts, some have narrow waists, and others have thick waists. Despite these differences, many adult arachnids have two distinct body regions: the front portion, a sort of head area combined with a thorax, or midsection, contains the mouthparts and six sets of paired, leglike limbs, and the second portion, the abdomen, has a stomach, reproductive opening, and lunglike structures or breathing tubes. Among the many members of this group are ticks and mites, scorpions, spiders, and even the common harvestman, also known as daddy longlegs-all with their own distinct appearance. SPIDERS, SCORPIONS, MITES, AND TICKS: Arachnida HAIR FOLLICLE (FAH-LIH-KUHL) MITE ( Demodex folliculorum): SPECIES ACCOUNTS ROCKY MOUNTAIN WOOD TICK ( Dermacentor andersoni): SPECIES ACCOUNTS TAILLESS WHIP SCORPION ( Phrynus parvulus): SPECIES ACCOUNTS COMMON HARVESTMAN ( Phalangium opilio): SPECIES ACCOUNTS ZEBRA JUMPING SPIDER ( Salticus scenicus): SPECIES ACCOUNTS LONG-BODIED CELLAR SPIDER ( Pholcus phalangioides): SPECIES ACCOUNTS BOOK SCORPION ( Chelifer cancroides): SPECIES ACCOUNTS CAMEL SPIDER ( Galeodes arabs): SPECIES ACCOUNTS GIANT WHIP SCORPION ( Mastigoproctus giganteus): SPECIES ACCOUNTS EMPEROR SCORPION ( Pandinus imperator): SPECIES ACCOUNTS PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSĪrachnids (uh-RAK-nihds) are related to sea spiders and horseshoe crabs.
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